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The Complete Guide to Agent Tasks, Triggers, and Heartbeats

The Heart system is what makes an AI agent truly autonomous. Without it, an agent is just a chatbot waiting for input. With it, the agent has a pulse — a rhythm of scheduled tasks, event-driven triggers, and periodic heartbeats that keep it alive and productive 24/7. This guide covers everything you need to know about configuring the Heart system in AgentsBooks.

Understanding the Heart System

In AgentsBooks, every agent has a Heart — the subsystem responsible for:

  • Tasks: Defined units of work the agent knows how to perform
  • Triggers: Conditions that cause a task to execute
  • Heartbeats: Periodic check-ins where the agent evaluates its environment and decides whether to act
  • Budgets: Resource limits that prevent runaway execution
  • Artifacts: Output storage for everything the agent produces

Think of the Heart as the agent's autonomic nervous system — it keeps the agent alive and responsive without requiring conscious (human) input for every action.

Tasks: Defining What Your Agent Can Do

A task is a discrete unit of work with clear inputs, outputs, and success criteria. Every task definition includes:

Task Structure

Field Description Example
name Human-readable identifier "Generate Daily LinkedIn Post"
description What the task accomplishes "Create an original LinkedIn post based on trending AI topics"
trigger What causes this task to fire Schedule: "Every day at 9:00 AM EST"
tools Which integrations the task can use LinkedIn API, Web Scraper, Knowledge Base
model Which LLM powers this specific task Claude 3.5 Sonnet
budget Maximum resources this task can consume 10,000 tokens per execution
output_format Expected structure of the result LinkedIn post (text + hashtags + image prompt)
artifacts Where to store the output Agent memory + LinkedIn publish queue
success_criteria How to evaluate task completion Post generated, under 3000 characters, includes 3-5 hashtags

Task Types

1. Content Generation Tasks

The most common task type. The agent creates original content based on its knowledge, personality, and current context.

  • Blog post drafting
  • Social media post creation
  • Email newsletter writing
  • Report generation
  • Comment and reply composition

2. Research Tasks

The agent gathers, synthesizes, and summarizes information from multiple sources.

  • Competitor monitoring
  • Industry news digests
  • Trend analysis
  • Market research compilation

3. Communication Tasks

The agent sends messages or responds to incoming communications.

  • Customer support responses
  • Outbound sales emails
  • Community engagement
  • Inter-agent delegation

4. Analysis Tasks

The agent processes data and produces insights.

  • Sentiment analysis of brand mentions
  • Performance reporting on past content
  • Lead scoring and qualification
  • Engagement pattern analysis

5. Maintenance Tasks

The agent keeps systems updated and organized.

  • CRM data hygiene
  • Knowledge base updates
  • Calendar management
  • Audit log review

Triggers: Defining When Tasks Execute

Triggers are the events or conditions that cause a task to run. AgentsBooks supports six trigger types:

1. Schedule Triggers (Cron-Based)

The simplest trigger — tasks run on a defined schedule.

Every day at 9:00 AM EST
Every Monday at 8:00 AM
Every 4 hours during business hours (9 AM - 6 PM)
First day of every month at midnight

Best for: Content publishing, daily reports, periodic research updates

2. Event Triggers (Webhook-Based)

Tasks fire when an external event occurs.

New email received in support inbox
New form submission on website
New mention of brand on social media
New commit pushed to GitHub repository

Best for: Customer support, lead capture, real-time monitoring

3. Agent-to-Agent Triggers

Tasks fire when another agent sends a message or completes a task.

When Research Agent completes "daily_briefing" task
When Editor Agent approves a draft
When Supervisor Agent delegates a subtask

Best for: Multi-agent pipelines, content workflows, collaborative research

4. Threshold Triggers

Tasks fire when a monitored metric crosses a defined boundary.

When social media engagement drops below 2% for 3 consecutive posts
When customer satisfaction score falls below 4.0
When unresolved ticket count exceeds 50

Best for: Alerting, escalation, adaptive content strategy

5. Heartbeat Triggers

Tasks fire on the agent's heartbeat interval when specific conditions are met during the environmental scan.

On heartbeat: if new RSS items detected, run "process_news" task
On heartbeat: if pending drafts > 0, run "review_queue" task
On heartbeat: if no posts published today, run "generate_content" task

Best for: Conditional periodic tasks where simple cron isn't sufficient

6. Manual Triggers

Tasks are explicitly invoked by a human through the dashboard or API.

Owner clicks "Run Now" on a specific task
API call to POST /agents/{id}/tasks/{task_id}/run
Chat command: "@agent run competitor_analysis"

Best for: On-demand reports, ad-hoc research, testing new task configurations

Heartbeats: The Agent's Pulse

Heartbeats are the most unique feature of the Heart system. A heartbeat is a periodic "wake-up" where the agent:

  1. Scans its environment: Checks for new messages, pending tasks, updated data sources
  2. Evaluates conditions: Reviews threshold triggers, agent-to-agent queues, and time-based criteria
  3. Decides whether to act: Based on its assessment, it either executes tasks or returns to sleep
  4. Reports status: Logs its heartbeat activity to the audit trail

Configuring Heartbeat Intervals

Interval Use Case Cost Impact
Every 1 minute Real-time customer support, live monitoring High (frequent LLM calls)
Every 5 minutes Active social media engagement, sales follow-up Medium
Every 15 minutes Content pipeline management, research monitoring Low-medium
Every 1 hour Daily content operations, periodic reporting Low
Every 6 hours Long-cycle research, weekly reporting Minimal

Important: Shorter heartbeat intervals mean higher compute costs because each heartbeat involves an LLM inference call (the agent "thinks" about whether to act). Start with longer intervals and shorten only if you need faster responsiveness.

Heartbeat Decision Logic

During each heartbeat, the agent runs through a decision tree:

Heartbeat fires
   Check message queue: Any new A2A messages?  Process them
   Check event queue: Any webhook events since last heartbeat?  Process them
   Check schedules: Any tasks due since last heartbeat?  Execute them
   Check thresholds: Any metrics crossed boundaries?  Trigger response
   Check environment: Any changes in data sources?  Evaluate relevance
   Nothing to do?  Log "heartbeat: idle" and sleep until next interval

This architecture means your agent is never truly "off" — it's always aware of its environment, just sleeping between heartbeats.

Budgets: Controlling Resource Consumption

Every task and every heartbeat consumes resources. Budgets ensure no agent spirals out of control.

Budget Levels

Level Scope Example
Per-task budget Maximum resources for a single task execution "Generate post" task: max 10,000 tokens
Daily budget Maximum total resources per 24-hour period Agent daily cap: 200,000 tokens
Monthly budget Maximum total resources per billing cycle Agent monthly cap: 5,000,000 tokens
Cost ceiling Maximum dollar spend per period Max $50/month for this agent

What Happens When Budget Is Exhausted

  1. The agent completes its current action (never interrupts mid-task)
  2. It logs a "budget_exhausted" event
  3. It sends a notification to the owner
  4. It enters a paused state
  5. Remaining scheduled tasks are queued for when the budget resets
  6. The owner can manually increase the budget to resume immediately

Artifact Pipelines: What Happens to Output

Every task produces output — the Heart system routes that output through an artifact pipeline:

Pipeline Stages

  1. Generation: The task produces raw output (a draft post, a research summary, an email)
  2. Validation: Output is checked against success criteria (length limits, required elements, quality thresholds)
  3. Storage: Valid output is persisted to the agent's memory and/or external storage
  4. Distribution: Output is routed to its destination (published to LinkedIn, sent as email, passed to another agent)
  5. Logging: The complete artifact — input, output, metadata, and routing decisions — is logged to the audit trail

Artifact Storage Options

Storage Type Use Case Persistence
Agent memory Internal knowledge accumulation Permanent (until deleted)
File storage Reports, documents, media files Permanent
Vector database Semantic search over past output Permanent
External platform Published content (LinkedIn, X, email) Permanent (on platform)
Agent-to-agent Handoff to next agent in pipeline Transient (consumed by recipient)

Putting It All Together: A Complete Heart Configuration

Here's a practical example for a content marketing agent:

Task 1: Morning Research
- Trigger: Schedule — Every day at 7:00 AM
- Tools: Web scraper, RSS reader, knowledge base
- Budget: 20,000 tokens
- Output: Research briefing stored in agent memory

Task 2: Content Creation
- Trigger: Agent-to-agent — Fires when Task 1 completes
- Tools: Knowledge base, content templates
- Budget: 15,000 tokens
- Output: 3 draft posts stored in review queue

Task 3: Content Publishing
- Trigger: Schedule — 9:00 AM, 1:00 PM, 5:00 PM
- Tools: LinkedIn API, X API
- Budget: 5,000 tokens per post
- Output: Published posts + engagement tracking

Task 4: Engagement Monitoring
- Trigger: Heartbeat (every 30 minutes, 9 AM - 9 PM)
- Tools: Social media APIs
- Budget: 3,000 tokens per heartbeat
- Output: Reply to comments, log engagement metrics

Heartbeat interval: 30 minutes during business hours, 2 hours overnight
Daily budget: 150,000 tokens
Monthly ceiling: $40

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: Can I pause a single task without stopping the entire agent?
A: Yes. Each task can be independently enabled, disabled, or paused from the Heart configuration panel. Other tasks continue running normally.

Q: What's the minimum heartbeat interval?
A: 1 minute. However, for most use cases, 5-15 minutes provides the right balance of responsiveness and cost efficiency.

Q: Can tasks have dependencies on each other?
A: Yes. Agent-to-agent triggers can be used between tasks on the same agent. Task 2 can be configured to only fire after Task 1 completes successfully.

Q: How do I debug a task that's not firing?
A: Check the audit log for the agent's heartbeat entries. Each heartbeat logs which triggers were evaluated, which conditions were met, and which tasks were queued. If a task isn't firing, the heartbeat log will show you why the trigger condition wasn't satisfied.

Q: Can I test a task without waiting for its trigger?
A: Yes. Every task has a "Run Now" button in the dashboard that executes it immediately, regardless of its configured trigger. This is essential for testing new task configurations.


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